HERBAL USE:
The mature horse over 16 years of age will be a bit more sensitive to some aspects of care and have a metabolism in need of support through long term, gentle strengthening. Some of the simple herbs that I use for the care and healing of specific systems with a high margin of safety can be added to mashes (see Mashes below):
SKIN – use CALENDULA, internally as an infusion or just added (dry blossoms) to food, externally as an ointment, cream, wash (strong infusion) or a powder (crush dry flowers and put on weeping wounds/irritations).
LIVER – use DANDELION, the fresh leaves eaten as a treat, the dry leaves added to food or brewed as a tea/infusion, the root simmered as a decoction for ingestion, or a tincture or extract of both leaf and root taken in small doses.
HEART – use HAWTHORN BERRY, a tablespoon of the powder added to the daily food. I know a horse with a murmur whose heart sounds improved after 4 months on hawthorn berry.
LUNGS – use ANISE SEED ground, this powder is wonderful for the lungs (also digestion!) and can be made into a paste with honey that is feed very slowly in small amounts. The powder can be added to small meals and moistened.
KIDNEY/BLADDER – use PARSLEY, leaf and root. Feed the fresh leaf chopped into meals. The root can make a decoction that is dosed slowly between meals.
GLANDS – use SEAWEEDS, kelp especially, a half teaspoon daily to stabilize and nourish glandular systems.
STOMACH – PEPPERMINT, fresh or dried in a mash;
SPEARMINT for sensitive, very aged or possibly pregnant ones;
BOWELS – use FENNEL, for bloating, gassy conditions and uncomfortable bowel area, use fennel seeds in food (horses get a tablespoonful to start, reducing to a teaspoon over time).
JOINTS – use YUCCA ROOT, fed in the above amounts as for Hawthorn and – externally – make a strong COMFREY brew to bathe sore joints (use root decoction or leaf infusion) or make an infused oil to rub into the joints.

Drinking water is the most important nutrient your horse ingests. It must be fresh, clean and always available. Water is essential for dissolving nutrients and it reacts with chemical compounds, breaking down complex food substances. Combined with water, they are then able to be absorbed and used by the body.
Water is used for body temperature control.
Water is a major constituent of the natural foods a horse is designed to eat – GRASSES.
Horses are non-ruminant, herbivore browsers who will also eat roots (often very moist) and leaves/bark. The lack of moisture in many of the foods we present to our horses requires free choice access to water to allow proper digestion.
A horse on pasture will drink less than a horse being fed hay because his requirement is lower.
Dampened or even soaked hay can help prevent impaction colic in horses who may choose to drink too little water. This can be caused by ice on water sources, very cold water, warm or algae filled water or contaminated sources.
Feeding water-soaked Mashes brings more moisture into the horse’s digestive tract which prevents impactions/colic and helps to disperse nutrients (especially minerals) throughout the meal.
Mashes can be fed warm (almost hot, test with your hand deeply into the mixture) in the winter and to the infirm; or cool during the summer.
Prepare a mash with up to 2 quarts of any combination of the following bases:
- Wheat Bran (adds fiber & phosphorus)
- Alfalfa Pellets (high calcium & vitamin A)
- Grass Hay Pellets (minerals & flavor)
Add up to one third cup of supplements as needed:
- Flaxseed/Linseed Meal (protein, fatty acids, laxative, helps with sand)
- Whole or Ground Herbs (specific properties that are needed)
- Apple Cider Vinegar (detoxifying and helps with bony enlargements)
- Milk of Magnesia (magnesium for lungs, muscles and digestion, laxative)
You can brew an herbal tea for the liquid or use pure water mixed well into the mash to make it quite wet, but not sloppy. The hot mash will become well soaked in around 15 minutes (cover the bucket of ingredients as it “soaks” to retain steam) and a cool mash with pellets may take 4 to 6 hours / a cool bran mash, 15 to 30 minutes to blend properly.
Fomentations are large towels soaked in hot water; often with the addition of herbal infusions for specific treatments.
It is the penetrating heat from the wet towel that causes extra circulation. This movement of blood helps to carry away the fluids of edema, toxins within tissues from injury or disease and relaxes the muscle fibers.
Boil water and keep it in an insulated container to maintain the heat. Because you will wring out the soaked towel with your hands, scalding of the horse is prevented (you can tell how hot it is by your touch – be cautious, for your sake, too).
You can add Epsom salts for drawing properties and the magnesium in them relaxes muscles.
Calming and healing herbs can be added as the water is boiled, then strained out before the water is used.
Soak the towel in the liquid, wring out to just wet, not dripping. Apply to the horse’s body where needed (especially for chronic, old injuries and deep soreness – acute conditions respond to cold). As the towel cools, soak it again and repeat until the water is no longer hot.
A “Crock Pot” slow cooker can be used to keep herbal infusions warm for use; to keep big, smooth stones warm for application to the body (this will increase circulation at a very specific point – like an old adhesion from an injury) and to keep salts in suspension for a soak (Epsom salts, sea salts or Himalayan crystal salt).
Make herbal infusions in a non-metal pot of pure water just off the boil. Turn off the burner, add one half to one cup of herbs per gallon of water, cover and let steep for 30 minutes. This is the method for soft/fragile plant parts like leaf/bloom.
Make herbal decoctions with the same amount of herbs to pure water in a non-metal pot. This time, you bring the water to a boil, add the herbs and reduce the heat to simmer, covered for 15 minutes.
Tisanes are made by soaking flowers in tepid water overnight. They are super gentle and are used for very young foals and horses that are badly injured or very ill.
Senna pods (12 to 20 pods per horse) can be soaked in pure, tepid water for 4 hours; the pods strained from the water and the liquid dosed orally (or added to a mash)as a potent laxative for horses in need – it stimulates peristalsis.
Herbs for use in fomentations, soakings and baths and their properties:
- Arnica (externally only!) for bruises, strains and sprains
- Bladderwrack (sea vegetable) for arthritis baths, fomentations for joints
- Borage for fomentations on the chest for congestion
- Calendula blossom for all skin complaints
- Chamomile to draw out objects, to calm and reduce fevers
- Chaparral for arthritis, to kill fungus
- Comfrey for all injuries, especially bruises, bone trauma, head trauma
- Eucalyptus for lungs, to move lymph
- Eyebright for eye problems, sinus trouble
- Fenugreek to use in poultices or soaks to fight infection
- Lavender blossoms to calm, relax muscles and is antiseptic
- Myrrh gum fights infections, irruptions
- Witchhazel is an astringent
- Yarrow in soaks and fomentations breaks fevers and cleanses the blood
Hoof soaking is a traditional way of treating disease and injury.
Dissolving Epsom salts into very hot water will make a soaking bath to draw out abscesses, imbedded objects and pain. Use two cups of Epsom salts to each gallon of hot water. Test until you can just hold your hand in the water, then soak the hoof by placing it into a tub of the hot salt bath. Linger until the water has cooled, then immediately dry and wrap the hoof with cotton and a bandage; placing duct tape across the bottom of the hoof for support.
Essential oil of tea tree or eucalyptus can be added to the soaking bath (one teaspoon per gallon) if there is fungus present.
Essential oil of lavender (up to 2 tablespoons per gallon) will help fight infection and pain. It is also very calming for the horse’s mental body and soothing to inflamed tissue. Lavender oil is indicated whenever there have been external parasites irritating the skin.
After soaking, the skin can be rubbed with half olive oil, half sesame oil to prevent chapping.
Flowing water moves Lymph and stimulates circulation of Chi (Qi or Ki), the energy that moves through the Meridians of the body. These meridians are channels where the acupoints are found (for acupressure and acupuncture).
A cold, moving sheet of water over the body has another profound effect when the water is stopped and the area is wrapped properly or a light blanket used.
The circulation of blood increases and great warmth is produced.
This effectively creates lymph drainage where the capillaries ooze serum through their walls. This lymph nourishes tissues and takes up worn out materials and toxins which then are separated out by the glands to be excreted.
In hot weather, an overheated horse should be covered with tepid water that is then immediately scraped off to pull that body heat out and away. The senior horse needs to warm up slowly and cool down slowly when exercised, with gentle aftercare as needed.
Water is used for the cleansing of wounds that are not bleeding profusely. Excessive bleeding needs pressure applied and the attention of a Veterinarian (profuse bleeding usually cleans debris from the wound).
Cold water is usually used, from a hose, to wash a wound. Since bruising can also be present, the cold therapy reduces tissue damage as well. If the wound can allow water to penetrate under the skin, DO NOT use running water, try irrigating the wound with colloidal silver to avoid introducing pathogens under the skin.
Herbal infusions (steeped in water off the boil) and decoctions (simmered in the boiling water) can be made for wound care. These are applied with sterile cotton used like a sponge to wash the area. Blossoms, leaves and soft parts of herbs are steeped; roots, berries, bark and such are simmered to release their properties.
Herbs to use (singly or combined as needed):
- Comfrey Leaf (stimulates cell growth)
- Comfrey Root (heals bruising)
- Goldenseal leaf (stops infection)
- Rosemary Leaf (antiseptic, stimulating)
Add a pinch of sea salt to make it isotonic.
FIRST AID – While we work to provide an environment free of injury and illness, we always have remedies on hand to address the unexpected. We gather together the following items for a non-toxic first aid kit. I have found that many of the caustic and potentially hazardous ingredients in allopathic kits can be detrimental to the aged equine.
- Essential Oil of Lavender – to calm emotions and to treat & disinfect minor wounds
- Powdered, dry Rosemary leaf – to pack into wet wounds after washing; this creates an antiseptic “scab”
- Colloidal Silver – for wound infections; to dose orally to fight systemic infections
- Comfrey Root Ointment – for bruises and to quickly heal wounds or minor burns
- Witch Hazel Extract – to cool overworked muscles and for topical use on swellings
- Epsom Salt – to use in very warm water to draw out abscesses and soreness
- Milk of Magnesia – to dose orally to relax the muscles of the digestive system
- Chaparral Ointment – to relieve fungal infections; help with dermatitis
- Calendulated Oil – used on all types of wounds and skin irritations
- Activated Charcoal powder – mix in applesauce & dose in cases of poisoning (plants, beetles, etc.)
- Homeopathic: Arnica (bruises); Symphytum (bone or head trauma); Apis Mel (bites, stings, allergies); Ruta Grav (tendon injury); Rhus Tox (joint pain); Ledum (punctures, injections); Euphrasia (eyes)
- Plastic gloves, terry towels, bottles of pure water, small bucket, sheet cotton, humane twitch
- “Vet wrap”, adhesive tape, duct tape, wound pads (Kotex pads work), plastic wrap (to “sweat” legs)
- Stethoscope – to listen for gut sounds; lung noises
- Thermometer and lubricant
- 60cc Catheter tip Syringe for oral dosing (keep horse’s head low to avoid aspiration into lungs)
This module is not intended to replace a health care practitioner and is offered only as information on our time tested, Nature based methodology, used with hundreds of horses over decades of care. Always consult your health care practitioner for illness or injury.














